Chans. Blog - My Online Technical Diary. As a part of the recently concluded Storage Field Day 1.
SFD1. 2), we traveled to one of the Intel campuses in San Jose to listen to the Intel Storage software team about future of storage from an Intel perspective. This was a great session that was presented by Jonathan Stern (Intel Solutions Architect / @Jon. Stern. At. Intel) and Tony Luck (Principle Engineer) and this post is to summarise few things I’ve learnt during those sessions that I thought were quite interesting for everyone. SNIA that was talking about future of storage industry standards but I think that deserves a dedicated post so I won’t mention those here – stay tuned for a SNIA event specific post soon!)First session from Intel was on the future of storage by Jonathan.
![Centos Installation Minimal Vs Basic Server Commands Centos Installation Minimal Vs Basic Server Commands](http://static.paravelsystems.com/rivendell-install/rhel6-minimal-desktop-mode.png)
Benefits. Benefits are available to eligible VanderHouwen contractors and include coverage for medical, dental, vision, life insurance, short and long term disability.
Top 40 Linux hardening/security tutorial and tips to secure the default installation of RHEL / CentOS / Fedora / Debian / Ubuntu Linux servers. Introduction Installing Chef Server 12 Manually Install Chef Server 12 Configure Chef Server Testing the Connection Installing the web UI Conclusion.
![Centos Installation Minimal Vs Basic Server Commands Centos Installation Minimal Vs Basic Server Commands](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Install-LXC-Linux-Container-in-CentOS.png)
2017-09-13: NEW • Distribution Release: CentOS 7-1708: Rate this project: CentOS is a distribution built from the source code of Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
It’s probably fair to say Jonathan was by far the most engaging presenter out of all the SFD1. Intel plans for storage, specifically on the software side of things and the main focus was around the Intel Storage Performance Development Kit (SPDK) which Intel seem to think is going to be a key part of the future of storage efficiency enhancements. The second session with Tony was about Intel Resource Director Technology (addresses shared resource contention that happens inside an Intel processor in processor cache) which, in all honesty was not something most of us storage or infrastructure guys need to know in detail. So my post below is more focused on Jonathan’s session only. Future Of Storage. As far as Intel is concerned, there are 3 key areas when it comes to the future of storage that need to be looked at carefully.
![Centos Installation Minimal Vs Basic Server Commands Centos Installation Minimal Vs Basic Server Commands](https://www.unixmen.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/sk@sk-_002.png)
Hyper- Scale Cloud. Hyper- Convergence. Non- Volatile memory. To put this in to some context, see the below revenue projections from Wikibon Server SAN research project 2. Traditional Enterprise storage such as SAN, NAS, DAS (Read “EMC, Dell, Net.
App, HPe”)Enterprise server SAN storage (Read “Software Defined Storage OR Hyper- Converged with commodity hardware “)Hyperscale server SAN (Read “Public cloud”)It is a known fact within the storage industry that public cloud storage platforms underpinned by cheap, commodity hardware and intelligent software provide users with an easy to consume, easily available and most importantly non- CAPEX storage platform that most legacy storage vendors find hard to compete with. As such, the net new growth in the global storage revenue as a whole from around 2. Hyperscaler) space while the rest of the storage market (non- public cloud enterprise storage) as a whole has somewhat stagnated. This somewhat stagnated market was traditionally dominated by a few storage stalwarts such as EMC, Net. App, Dell, HPe…etc.
However the rise of the server based SAN solutions where commodity servers with local drives combined with intelligent software to make a virtual SAN / storage pool (SDS/HCI technologies) has made matters worse for these legacy storage vendors and such storage solutions are projected to eat further in to the traditional enterprise storage landscape within next 4 years. This is already evident by the recent popularity & growth of such SDS/HCI solutions such as VMware VSAN, Nutanix, Scality, Hed. Vig while at the same time, traditional storage vendors announcing reducing storage revenue.
So much so that even some of the legacy enterprise storage vendors like EMC & HPe have come up with their own SDS / HCI offerings (EMC Vipr, HPe Store. Virtual, annoucement around Solid. Fire based HCI solution…etc.) or partnered up with SDS/HCI vendors (EMC Vx. Rail, Vx. Rail…etc.) to hedge their bets against a loosing back drop of traditional enterprise storage. If you study the forecast in to the future, around 2.
SAN solutions such as SDS and HCI solutions. Good luck to legacy storage folks)An estimate from EMC suggest that by 2. Enterprise server SAN storage is set to accelerate between 2. According to Intel, one of the main reasons behind this forecasted increase of revenue (growth) on the enterprise server SAN solutions is estimated to be the developments of Non- Volatile Memory (NVMe) based technologies which makes it possible achieve very low latency through direct attached (read “locally attach”) NVMe drives along with clever & efficient software that are designed to harness this low latency. In other words, drop of latency when it comes to drive access will make Enterprise server SAN solutions more appealing to customers who will look at Software Defined, Hyper- Converged storage solutions in favour of external, array based storage solutions in to the immediate future and legacy storage market will continue to shrink further and further. I can relate to this prediction somewhat as I work for a channel partner of most of these legacy storage vendors and I too have seen first hand the drop of legacy storage revenue from our own customers which reasonably backs this theory. Challenges? With the increasing push for Hyper- Convergence with data locality, the latency becomes an important consideration.
As such, Intel’s (& the rest of the storage industry’s) main focus going in to the future is primarily around reducing the latency penalty applicable during a storage IO cycle, as much as possible. The imminent release of this next gen storage media from Intel as a better alternative to NAND (which comes with inherent challenges such as tail latency issues which are difficult to get around) was mentioned without any specific details. I’m sure that was a reference to the Intel 3. D XPoint drives (Only just this week announced officially by Intel http: //www. IO) and < 2. 00μs (random IO) which is super impressive compared to today’s ordinary NVMe SSD drives that are NAND based.
This however presents a concern as the current storage software stack that process the IO through the CPU via costly context switching also need to be optimised in order to truly benefit from this massive drop in drive latency. In other words, the level of dependency on the CPU for IO processing need to be removed or minimised through clever software optimisation (CPU has long been the main IO bottleneck due to how MSI- X interrupts are handled by the CPU during IO operations for example). Without this, the software induced latency would be much higher than the drive media latency during an IO processing cycle which will contribute to an overall higher latency still. My friend & fellow #SFD1. Glenn Dekhayser described this in his blog as “the media we’re working with now has become so responsive and performant that the storage doesn’t want to wait for the CPU anymore!” which is very true).
Furthermore,Storage Performance Development Kit (SPDK)Some companies such as Excelero are also addressing this CPU dependency of the IO processing software stack by using NVMe drives and clever software to offload processing from CPU to NVMe drives through technologies such as RDDA (Refer to the post I did on how Excelero is getting around this CPU dependency by reprogramming the MSI- X interrupts to not go to the CPU). SPDK is Intel’s answer to this problem and where as Excelero’s RDDA architecture primarily avoid CPU dependency by bypassing CPU for IOs, Intel SPDK minimizes the impact on CPU & Memory bus cycles during IO processing by using the user- mode for storage applications rather than the kernel mode, thereby removing the need for costly context switching and the related interrupt handling overhead. According to http: //www. The bedrock of the SPDK is a user space, polled mode, asynchronous, lockless NVMe driver that provides highly parallel access to an SSD from a user space application.”With SPDK, Intel claims that you can reach up to around 3. IOPS per single Xeon CPU core before it ran out of PCI lane bandwidth which is pretty impressive. Below is a IO performance benchmark based on a simple test of Cent.
OS Linux kernel IO performance (Running across 2 x Xeon E5- 2. GHz CPUs each with 1. Intel P3. 70. 0 NVMe SSD drives) Vs SPDK with a single dedicated 2. GHz core allocated out of the 2 x Xeon E5- 2. IO. You can clearly see the significantly better IO performance with SPDK, which, despite having just a single core, due to the lack of context switching and the related overhead, is linearly scaling the IO throughput in line with the number of NVMe SSD drives.(In addition to these testing, Jonathan also mentioned that they’ve done another test with Supermicro off the shelf HW and with SPDK & 2 dedicated cores for IO, they were able to get 5.
VNC server for real X displaysx. Home Donationsx. FAQ. [Building and Starting]Q- 1. I can't get x. 11vnc to start up. It says "XOpen. Display failed (null)". Xlib: connection to ": 0.
Xlib: No protocol specified" and then. What do I need to do? I can't get x. 11vnc and/or libvncserver to compile. I just built x. 11vnc successfully, but when I use it my.
I am able to move the mouse though.). Help, I need to run x.
Solaris 2. 5. 1 (or other old Unix/Linux). Where can I get a precompiled x. Operating System? Where can I get a VNC Viewer binary (or source code) for the Operating System. I will be viewing from?
How can I see all of x. I don't like typing arcane command line options every time I start. What can I do? Is there a config file? Or a GUI? How can I get the GUI to run in the System Tray, or at least be a smaller. How can I get x. 11vnc to listen on a different port.
VNC port (5. 90. 0)? Why do I get "Failure autoprobing: Permission denied". TCP port? My Firewall/Router doesn't allow VNC Viewers to connect to x. Is it possible for a VNC Viewer and a VNC Server to connect to each other. Firewalls that block all incoming connections? Can I make x. 11vnc more quiet and also go into the background.
Sometimes when a VNC viewer dies abruptly, x. Broken pipe". I'm using the - forever. I want x. 11vnc to keep running. The Windows Tight. VNC 1. 3. 9 Viewer cannot connect to x. KDE's krdc VNC viewer cannot connect to x. When I start x. 11vnc on an Alpha Tru.
X server crashes! When running x. 11vnc on an IBM AIX workstation after a few. VNC connection freezes. Are there any build- time customizations possible, e.
Win. 2VNC Related]Q- 2. I have two separate machine displays in front of me, one Windows the.
X1. 1: can I use x. Win. 2VNC. in dual- screen mode to pass the keystrokes and mouse motions to the X1. I am running Win. VNC on my Windows machine and.
Unix to pass keyboard and. Unix monitor. Whenever I start Win. VNC it. quickly disconnects and x.
Process. Client. Normal. Message: read: Connection reset by peer. Q- 2. 3. Can I run "x. Mac OS X machine to. Windows and X1. 1 machines. Win. 2VNC and x. 2vnc, respectively? Color Issues]Q- 2.
The X display I run x. Pseudo. Color (i. The x. 11vnc colors may. OK, but after a while they are incorrect in certain windows.
Color problems: Why are the colors for some windows incorrect in. BTW, my X display has nice. I am on a high color system (depth ≥ 2. I seem to have colormap. They either flash or everything is very dark. How do I figure out the window id to supply to the. Why don't menus or other transient windows come up when I am using.
My X display is depth 2. I'm having lots of color and visual problems with x. What's up? [Xterminals]Q- 3. Can I use x. 11vnc to view and interact with an Xterminal (e. NCD). that is not running UNIX and so x. How do I get my X permissions (MIT- MAGIC- COOKIE file) correct for a. Unix/Linux machine acting as an Xterminal?
Sun Rays]Q- 3. 2. I'm having trouble using x.
Sun Ray session. [Remote Control]Q- 3. How do I stop x. 11vnc once it is running in the background? Can I change settings in x. Can I remote control it? Security and Permissions]Q- 3.
How do I create a VNC password for use with x. Can I make it so - storepasswd doesn't show my password on the. Can I have two passwords for VNC viewers, one for full access and. Can I have as many full- access and view- only passwords as I like? Does x. 11vnc support Unix usernames and passwords?
Can I further. limit the set of Unix usernames who can connect to the VNC desktop? Can I supply an external program to provide my own custom login.
Dynamic/One- time passwords or non- Unix (LDAP) usernames and. Why does x. 11vnc exit as soon as the VNC viewer disconnects?
And why doesn't it allow more than one VNC viewer to connect at the same time? Can I limit which machines incoming VNC clients can connect from? How do I build x. Can I have x. 11vnc only listen on one network interface (e. LAN) rather than having it listen on all network interfaces and relying. Now that - localhost implies listening only on. I can occasionally allow in a non- localhost.
R allowonce remote control command? Can I fine tune what types of user input are allowed? E. g. have. some users just be able to move the mouse, but not click or type. Can I prompt the user at the local X display whether the incoming VNC. Can I decide to make some clients view- only? How about running an arbitrary program to make the decisions? I start x. 11vnc as root because it is launched.
Can I have x. 11vnc later switch to a different user? I use a screen- lock when I leave my workstation (e. When I remotely access my workstation desktop via. I can unlock the desktop fine, but I am worried people. What can I do to. Can I have x. 11vnc automatically lock the screen when I disconnect. VNC viewer? [Encrypted Connections]Q- 5.
How can I tunnel my connection to x. SSH channel between two Unix machines? How can I tunnel my connection to x.
SSH channel from Windows using an SSH client like Putty? How can I tunnel my connection to x.
SSL channel using an external tool like stunnel? Does x. 11vnc have built- in SSL tunneling?
How do I use VNC Viewers with built- in SSL tunneling? How do I use the Java applet VNC Viewer with built- in SSL tunneling when going. Web Proxy? Can Apache web server act as a gateway for users to connect via SSL. Internet with a Web browser to x. Can I create and use my own SSL Certificate Authority (CA) with x.
Display Managers and Services]Q- 5. How can I run x. 11vnc as a "service" that is always available? How can I use x. 11vnc to connect to an X login screen like. GNOME gdm. KDE kdm, or CDE dtlogin? X session yet.). Can I run x. How about xinetd(8)?
Can I have x. 11vnc advertise its VNC service and port via m. DNS / Zeroconf. (e. Avahi) so VNC viewers on the local network can detect it automatically? Can I have x. 11vnc allow a user to log in with her UNIX username and password. X session display on that machine and then attach to it? How about starting an X session if one cannot be found? Can I have x. 11vnc restart itself after it terminates?
How do I make x. 11vnc work with the Java VNC viewer applet in a. Are reverse connections (i. VNC server connecting to the. VNC viewer) using "vncviewer - listen" and vncconnect(1). Can reverse connections be made to go through a Web or SOCKS proxy or SSH? Can x. 11vnc provide a multi- user desktop web login service.
Apache CGI or PHP script? Can I use x. 11vnc as a replacement for Xvnc? I keep around.). How can I use x.
Why might I want to? Resource Usage and Performance]Q- 7.
I have lots of memory, but why does x. No space left on device or. Minor opcode of failed request: 1 (X_Shm.
Attach)? How can I make x. How can I make x. MORE system resources? I use x. 11vnc over a slow link with high latency (e. I can do to speed things up? Does x. 11vnc support the X DAMAGE Xserver extension to find.
My Open. GL application shows no screen updates unless. I supply the - noxdamage option to x. When I drag windows around with the mouse or scroll up and down things. I do the drag in a single, quick motion.). Is there anything to do to improve things?
Why not do something like wireframe animations to avoid the windows. Can x. 11vnc try to apply heuristics to detect when a window is. Copy. Rect encoding for a speedup? Can x. 11vnc do client- side caching of pixel data? I. e. so when that pixel data is needed again it does not.
Does x. 11vnc support Turbo. VNC? [Mouse Cursor Shapes]Q- 8. Why isn't the mouse cursor shape (the little icon shape where the.
I move from window to window? When using XFIXES cursorshape mode, some of the cursors look really. How can I improve their appearance? In XFIXES mode, are there any hacks to handle cursor transparency ("alpha.
Mouse Pointer]Q- 8. Why does the mouse arrow just stay in one corner in my vncviewer, whereas. Can I take advantage of the Tight. VNC extension to the VNC protocol where. Cursor Positions Updates are sent back to all connected clients (i. Is it possible to swap the mouse buttons (e.
How about mapping button clicks to. Mouse wheel scrolling? Keyboard Issues]Q- 8. How can I get my Alt. Gr and Shift modifiers.
When I try to type a "< " (i. I get "> " (i. Strangely, typing "> " works OK!! Extra Character Inserted, E. When I try to type a "< " (i.
I get "< ," (i. I'm using an "international" keyboard (e. German "de", or Danish "dk"). VNC viewer is run. Unix/Linux machine with a similar keyboard. But if I run the VNC. Unix/Linux with a different keyboard (e.